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Dietary supplements in numbers

Aggregate statistics computed from the full SuppDB catalogue: 17,625 supplement and nootropic labels from the NIH Dietary Supplement Label Database, 115,051 active-ingredient listings normalised to milligrams, with a label ID and URL on every record. Snapshot of 2026-07-07. Every figure is free to cite, quote and embed with a link to this page.

The most common supplement ingredients

Vitamin C is on 18.6% of supplement labels, Calcium on 16.7% and Magnesium on 16.6%. The most common botanical is Ashwagandha at 8.0%.

The most common supplement ingredientsShare of 17,625 supplement labels listing the ingredient The most common supplement ingredients Share of 17,625 supplement labels listing the ingredient Vitamin C: 18.6%Vitamin C18.6% Calcium: 16.7%Calcium16.7% Magnesium: 16.6%Magnesium16.6% Vitamin D: 16.1%Vitamin D16.1% Zinc: 15.4%Zinc15.4% Sodium: 12.5%Sodium12.5% Vitamin B6: 10.3%Vitamin B610.3% Vitamin B12: 10.1%Vitamin B1210.1% Potassium: 9.3%Potassium9.3% Niacin: 8.0%Niacin8.0% Ashwagandha: 8.0%Ashwagandha8.0% Vitamin E: 7.8%Vitamin E7.8% Thiamin: 7.2%Thiamin7.2% Riboflavin: 6.9%Riboflavin6.9% Biotin: 6.3%Biotin6.3% Source: SuppDB, suppdb.dataengineered.io/stats · NIH DSLD labels · snapshot 2026-07-07 · CC BY 4.0
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<a href="https://suppdb.dataengineered.io/stats/#top-ingredients"><img src="https://suppdb.dataengineered.io/stats/charts/top-ingredients.svg" alt="The most common supplement ingredients" width="720" style="max-width:100%;height:auto"></a>
<p><small>Source: <a href="https://suppdb.dataengineered.io/stats/">SuppDB supplement statistics</a> (CC BY 4.0)</small></p>
IngredientProductsShare of products
Vitamin C3,28318.6%
Calcium2,93616.7%
Magnesium2,92616.6%
Vitamin D2,84116.1%
Zinc2,71515.4%
Sodium2,20712.5%
Vitamin B61,81510.3%
Vitamin B121,77810.1%
Potassium1,6339.3%
Niacin1,4158.0%
Ashwagandha1,4088.0%
Vitamin E1,3797.8%
Thiamin1,2757.2%
Riboflavin1,2156.9%
Biotin1,1176.3%
Creatine1,1106.3%
Chromium1,0916.2%
Manganese1,0726.1%
Selenium1,0506.0%
Fish Oil9495.4%

Share of labels listing the ingredient as an active (Supplement Facts panel), counted once per product whatever the specific form; Vitamin D covers cholecalciferol and ergocalciferol, Magnesium every salt. Excipients and other ingredients are not counted.

What kinds of ingredients supplements contain

41.8% of labels list at least one botanical ingredient, 39.6% a vitamin and 39.5% a mineral. Probiotic bacteria appear on 8.1% of labels.

Ingredient types by share of productsShare of 17,625 labels listing at least one ingredient of the type Ingredient types by share of products Share of 17,625 labels listing at least one ingredient of the type Botanical: 41.8%Botanical41.8% Vitamin: 39.6%Vitamin39.6% Mineral: 39.5%Mineral39.5% Non-nutrient, non-botanical: 28.5%Non-nutrient, non-botanical28.5% Amino acid: 10.1%Amino acid10.1% Fat: 10.0%Fat10.0% Bacteria: 8.1%Bacteria8.1% Other: 6.0%Other6.0% Fiber: 5.1%Fiber5.1% Enzyme: 4.0%Enzyme4.0% Fatty acid: 3.9%Fatty acid3.9% Protein: 2.2%Protein2.2% Source: SuppDB, suppdb.dataengineered.io/stats · NIH DSLD labels · snapshot 2026-07-07 · CC BY 4.0
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<a href="https://suppdb.dataengineered.io/stats/#categories"><img src="https://suppdb.dataengineered.io/stats/charts/categories.svg" alt="Ingredient types by share of products" width="720" style="max-width:100%;height:auto"></a>
<p><small>Source: <a href="https://suppdb.dataengineered.io/stats/">SuppDB supplement statistics</a> (CC BY 4.0)</small></p>
Ingredient typeProductsShare
Botanical7,36241.8%
Vitamin6,98839.6%
Mineral6,95439.5%
Non-nutrient, non-botanical5,02728.5%
Amino acid1,78310.1%
Fat1,76110.0%
Bacteria1,4348.1%
Other1,0616.0%
Fiber8975.1%
Enzyme7014.0%
Fatty acid6813.9%
Protein3862.2%

Ingredient type is the NIH DSLD ingredient group of each active. A product counts once per type it contains, so shares sum to more than 100%.

How often the dose is hidden

24.6% of supplement labels use a proprietary blend, which lists ingredients without their individual amounts. As a result 37.7% of all 115,051 ingredient listings carry no per-ingredient dose. Liquid products hide doses most often (31.2%), Softgel Capsule least (8.1%).

Proprietary blends by product formShare of labels that hide at least one dose inside a proprietary blend Proprietary blends by product form Share of labels that hide at least one dose inside a proprietary blend Liquid: 31.2%Liquid31.2% Capsule: 29.3%Capsule29.3% Powder: 28.8%Powder28.8% Other (e.g. tea bag): 27.6%Other (e.g. tea bag)27.6% Tablet or Pill: 19.7%Tablet or Pill19.7% Lozenge: 16.8%Lozenge16.8% Gummy or Jelly: 15.2%Gummy or Jelly15.2% Softgel Capsule: 8.1%Softgel Capsule8.1% Source: SuppDB, suppdb.dataengineered.io/stats · NIH DSLD labels · snapshot 2026-07-07 · CC BY 4.0
17,592 labels with a stated formDownload SVG
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<a href="https://suppdb.dataengineered.io/stats/#proprietary-blends"><img src="https://suppdb.dataengineered.io/stats/charts/proprietary-blends.svg" alt="Proprietary blends by product form" width="720" style="max-width:100%;height:auto"></a>
<p><small>Source: <a href="https://suppdb.dataengineered.io/stats/">SuppDB supplement statistics</a> (CC BY 4.0)</small></p>
Product formProductsWith a proprietary blendShare
Liquid1,72153731.2%
Capsule6,2041,81529.3%
Powder3,40197828.8%
Other (e.g. tea bag)52914627.6%
Tablet or Pill2,76654619.7%
Lozenge1612716.8%
Gummy or Jelly6379715.2%
Softgel Capsule2,1731758.1%

A listing is flagged as a proprietary blend when the label groups it under a blend total instead of stating its own amount; the blend flag and the missing amount are both taken from the NIH DSLD label record. Forms with fewer than 100 products are omitted.

How doses compare with reference intakes

Per serving, 91.9% of Vitamin B12 listings exceed the adult daily reference intake, as do 88.8% of Vitamin B6 and 84.3% of Biotin listings. Against the tolerable upper intake level, the line most often crossed is Niacin: 30.1% of its dosed listings exceed the adult UL per serving, followed by Magnesium (19.5%) and Zinc (9.7%).

Share of listings above the adult daily reference intakeNutrients with 200+ dosed listings; per serving, adult RDA or AI Share of listings above the adult daily reference intake Nutrients with 200+ dosed listings; per serving, adult RDA or AI Vitamin B12: 91.9%Vitamin B1291.9% Vitamin B6: 88.8%Vitamin B688.8% Biotin: 84.3%Biotin84.3% Pantothenic Acid: 81.2%Pantothenic Acid81.2% Chromium: 81.0%Chromium81.0% Vitamin C: 68.4%Vitamin C68.4% Niacin: 68.1%Niacin68.1% Molybdenum: 66.1%Molybdenum66.1% Copper: 59.7%Copper59.7% Zinc: 57.4%Zinc57.4% Vitamin E: 56.9%Vitamin E56.9% Selenium: 55.5%Selenium55.5% Vitamin A: 54.3%Vitamin A54.3% Manganese: 33.6%Manganese33.6% Folate: 24.2%Folate24.2% Source: SuppDB, suppdb.dataengineered.io/stats · NIH DSLD labels · snapshot 2026-07-07 · CC BY 4.0
32,777 dosed listings with a reference valueDownload SVG
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<a href="https://suppdb.dataengineered.io/stats/#above-daily-value"><img src="https://suppdb.dataengineered.io/stats/charts/above-daily-value.svg" alt="Share of listings above the adult daily reference intake" width="720" style="max-width:100%;height:auto"></a>
<p><small>Source: <a href="https://suppdb.dataengineered.io/stats/">SuppDB supplement statistics</a> (CC BY 4.0)</small></p>
Share of listings above the tolerable upper intake levelNutrients with 100+ dosed listings; per serving, adult UL Share of listings above the tolerable upper intake level Nutrients with 100+ dosed listings; per serving, adult UL Niacin: 30.1%Niacin30.1% Magnesium: 19.5%Magnesium19.5% Zinc: 9.7%Zinc9.7% Vitamin A: 8.7%Vitamin A8.7% Manganese: 3.2%Manganese3.2% Iron: 2.1%Iron2.1% Folate: 1.9%Folate1.9% Iodine: 1.8%Iodine1.8% Vitamin B6: 1.2%Vitamin B61.2% Vitamin C: 1.1%Vitamin C1.1% Selenium: 0.8%Selenium0.8% Boron: 0.6%Boron0.6% Source: SuppDB, suppdb.dataengineered.io/stats · NIH DSLD labels · snapshot 2026-07-07 · CC BY 4.0
17 nutrients with an adult ULDownload SVG
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<a href="https://suppdb.dataengineered.io/stats/#above-upper-limit"><img src="https://suppdb.dataengineered.io/stats/charts/above-upper-limit.svg" alt="Share of listings above the tolerable upper intake level" width="720" style="max-width:100%;height:auto"></a>
<p><small>Source: <a href="https://suppdb.dataengineered.io/stats/">SuppDB supplement statistics</a> (CC BY 4.0)</small></p>
NutrientDosed listingsAbove daily referenceShareReference (mg per day)
Vitamin B121,7971,65191.9%0.0024
Vitamin B61,8201,61788.8%1.3
Biotin1,11794284.3%0.03
Pantothenic Acid29323881.2%5
Chromium1,13391881.0%0.035
Vitamin C3,3082,26268.4%90
Niacin1,42897368.1%16
Molybdenum64942966.1%0.045
Copper94756559.7%0.9
Zinc2,8421,63057.4%11
Vitamin E1,45682956.9%15
Selenium1,06158955.5%0.055
Vitamin A91949954.3%0.9
Manganese1,09436833.6%2.3
Folate88321424.2%0.4
Iodine84618421.7%0.15
Iron84911914.0%18
Magnesium3,04735911.8%400
Calcium2,9861224.1%1000
Choline59871.2%550
Sodium2,09150.2%1500
Potassium1,61310.1%3400

Above the tolerable upper intake level

NutrientDosed listingsAbove ULShareUL (mg per day)
Niacin1,42843030.1%35
Magnesium3,04759519.5%350
Zinc2,8422779.7%40
Vitamin A919808.7%3
Manganese1,094353.2%11
Iron849182.1%45
Folate883171.9%1
Iodine846151.8%1.1
Vitamin B61,820211.2%100
Vitamin C3,308381.1%2000
Selenium1,06190.8%0.4
Boron63340.6%20
Molybdenum64940.6%2
Calcium2,98680.3%2500
Copper94710.1%10
Vitamin E1,45610.1%1000
Choline59800.0%3500

Reference values are the NIH Office of Dietary Supplements adult RDA or AI and tolerable upper intake level (UL), stored per nutrient in milligrams. Comparisons are per labelled serving, not per day, and only listings with a stated amount are counted. Exceeding the RDA is common and often intended; the UL for magnesium applies to supplemental intake only and the UL for niacin to nicotinic acid, so read these as label facts, not as a safety verdict. Some products are formulated for use under medical supervision.

Forms and formula size

35.2% of products are capsules, 19.3% powders and 15.7% tablets or pills. 36.4% of products contain a single active ingredient; the median product has 2, the mean 6.5, and the most complex formula lists 206. A container holds a median of 50 servings.

Supplement formsShare of 17,625 products by labelled form Supplement forms Share of 17,625 products by labelled form Capsule: 35.2%Capsule35.2% Powder: 19.3%Powder19.3% Tablet or Pill: 15.7%Tablet or Pill15.7% Softgel Capsule: 12.3%Softgel Capsule12.3% Liquid: 9.8%Liquid9.8% Gummy or Jelly: 3.6%Gummy or Jelly3.6% Other (e.g. tea bag): 3.0%Other (e.g. tea bag)3.0% Lozenge: 0.9%Lozenge0.9% Unknown: 0.2%Unknown0.2% Source: SuppDB, suppdb.dataengineered.io/stats · NIH DSLD labels · snapshot 2026-07-07 · CC BY 4.0
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<a href="https://suppdb.dataengineered.io/stats/#forms"><img src="https://suppdb.dataengineered.io/stats/charts/forms.svg" alt="Supplement forms" width="720" style="max-width:100%;height:auto"></a>
<p><small>Source: <a href="https://suppdb.dataengineered.io/stats/">SuppDB supplement statistics</a> (CC BY 4.0)</small></p>
How many active ingredients a product listsShare of 17,625 products by number of actives How many active ingredients a product lists Share of 17,625 products by number of actives 1: 36.4%136.4% 2 to 3: 21.7%2 to 321.7% 4 to 6: 13.7%4 to 613.7% 7 to 10: 10.2%7 to 1010.2% 11 to 20: 10.6%11 to 2010.6% 21 or more: 7.3%21 or more7.3% Source: SuppDB, suppdb.dataengineered.io/stats · NIH DSLD labels · snapshot 2026-07-07 · CC BY 4.0
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<a href="https://suppdb.dataengineered.io/stats/#ingredients-per-product"><img src="https://suppdb.dataengineered.io/stats/charts/ingredients-per-product.svg" alt="How many active ingredients a product lists" width="720" style="max-width:100%;height:auto"></a>
<p><small>Source: <a href="https://suppdb.dataengineered.io/stats/">SuppDB supplement statistics</a> (CC BY 4.0)</small></p>
FormProductsShare
Capsule6,20435.2%
Powder3,40119.3%
Tablet or Pill2,76615.7%
Softgel Capsule2,17312.3%
Liquid1,7219.8%
Gummy or Jelly6373.6%
Other (e.g. tea bag)5293.0%
Lozenge1610.9%
Unknown330.2%

Actives per product

ActivesProductsShare
16,42036.4%
2 to 33,82521.7%
4 to 62,41313.7%
7 to 101,80210.2%
11 to 201,87110.6%
21 or more1,2947.3%

Form is the label's own dosage form as recorded by NIH DSLD. Servings per container are stated on 14,948 of 17,625 labels (interquartile range 30 to 90).

Two ingredients up close: magnesium and caffeine

Magnesium Oxide is the most common magnesium form at 15.9% of magnesium listings, ahead of Magnesium Citrate (14.3%) and Magnesium Glycinate (7.6%); 14.4% of listings name no salt at all. Caffeine is dosed on 240 labels at a median of 150 mg per serving (mean 163 mg, maximum 400 mg); 56 of them exceed 200 mg in one serving.

Which magnesium supplements actually containShare of 3,177 magnesium listings by chemical form Which magnesium supplements actually contain Share of 3,177 magnesium listings by chemical form Magnesium Oxide: 15.9%Magnesium Oxide15.9% Magnesium: 14.4%Magnesium14.4% Magnesium Citrate: 14.3%Magnesium Citrate14.3% Magnesium Glycinate: 7.6%Magnesium Glycinate7.6% Magnesium Aspartate: 5.9%Magnesium Aspartate5.9% Magnesium Carbonate: 4.1%Magnesium Carbonate4.1% Magnesium Amino Acid Chelate: 3.3%Magnesium Amino Acid Chelate3.3% Magnesium Ascorbate: 2.4%Magnesium Ascorbate2.4% Source: SuppDB, suppdb.dataengineered.io/stats · NIH DSLD labels · snapshot 2026-07-07 · CC BY 4.0
3,177 magnesium listingsDownload SVG
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<a href="https://suppdb.dataengineered.io/stats/#magnesium-forms"><img src="https://suppdb.dataengineered.io/stats/charts/magnesium-forms.svg" alt="Which magnesium supplements actually contain" width="720" style="max-width:100%;height:auto"></a>
<p><small>Source: <a href="https://suppdb.dataengineered.io/stats/">SuppDB supplement statistics</a> (CC BY 4.0)</small></p>
Magnesium formListingsShare
Magnesium Oxide50615.9%
Magnesium45614.4%
Magnesium Citrate45314.3%
Magnesium Glycinate2417.6%
Magnesium Aspartate1885.9%
Magnesium Carbonate1294.1%
Magnesium Amino Acid Chelate1053.3%
Magnesium Ascorbate762.4%

Magnesium form is the specific ingredient named on the label; a label that lists the element without a salt is shown as Magnesium. Caffeine figures use listings with a stated amount, whether from caffeine anhydrous or a caffeine-standardised extract.

Brands with the most products on file

BulkSupplements.com has the most labels on file with 522, ahead of TerraVita Premium Collection (435) and NOW (379). The catalogue spans 2,194 brands; most have a handful of products.

Brands with the most products on fileProducts per brand, top 15 of 2,194 brands Brands with the most products on file Products per brand, top 15 of 2,194 brands BulkSupplements.com: 522BulkSupplements.com522 TerraVita Premium Collection: 435TerraVita Premium Collection435 NOW: 379NOW379 Hawaii Pharm: 311Hawaii Pharm311 Douglas Laboratories: 228Douglas Laboratories228 Puritan's Pride: 217Puritan's Pride217 Source Naturals: 194Source Naturals194 Nature's Way: 187Nature's Way187 Pure Encapsulations: 179Pure Encapsulations179 Nature Made: 171Nature Made171 The Vitamin Shoppe: 169The Vitamin Shoppe169 Bluebonnet: 164Bluebonnet164 Country Life: 159Country Life159 Good 'N Natural: 145Good 'N Natural145 Solgar: 138Solgar138 Source: SuppDB, suppdb.dataengineered.io/stats · NIH DSLD labels · snapshot 2026-07-07 · CC BY 4.0
top 15 of 2,194 brandsDownload SVG
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<a href="https://suppdb.dataengineered.io/stats/#top-brands"><img src="https://suppdb.dataengineered.io/stats/charts/top-brands.svg" alt="Brands with the most products on file" width="720" style="max-width:100%;height:auto"></a>
<p><small>Source: <a href="https://suppdb.dataengineered.io/stats/">SuppDB supplement statistics</a> (CC BY 4.0)</small></p>
BrandProducts
BulkSupplements.com522
TerraVita Premium Collection435
NOW379
Hawaii Pharm311
Douglas Laboratories228
Puritan's Pride217
Source Naturals194
Nature's Way187
Pure Encapsulations179
Nature Made171
The Vitamin Shoppe169
Bluebonnet164
Country Life159
Good 'N Natural145
Solgar138

Brand names are as printed on the label and recorded by NIH DSLD. Counts reflect how many of a brand's labels are in the database, not its market share.

Method, reuse and citation

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